Grade 11 Physics · Counting charge
Water in a pipe
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Water in a pipe

Four units run this whole chapter, and a water pipe explains them all. Current II, in amperes, is the flow — how much charge streams past per second. Charge QQ, in coulombs, is the water itself: one coulomb is what one ampere delivers in one second. Voltage VV, in volts, is the pressure pushing the flow along. And resistance RR, in ohms (the symbol is Ω\Omega, said omega), is the narrowness of the pipe fighting back.

The first machine is the counting one: Q=ItQ = I t (read aloud: Q equals I t) — a steady current held for a time moves a definite amount of charge. Amperes times seconds IS coulombs; the units already agree, no bridge required.