The square is the surprise
— E-k equals one-half m v-squared: the kinetic energy in joules, the mass in kilograms, the speed in m/s. The half is honest bookkeeping, but the square is the headline: double the speed and the energy bill QUADRUPLES. Triple it, nine times the bill. That is why highway speed is expensive, and why the last few km/h cost the most.
Solving for runs the square backwards: , v equals the square root of two E-k over m. The root is not optional: alone carries , and that is no speed. If the units come out squared, the rearrangement is wrong. No appeal.
- = Kinetic energy (energy)
- = Mass (mass)
- = Speed (speed)
exam-room calculatorallowed · no penalty
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