A push, through a distance
Work is not effort — it is a force times the distance it acts through: , W equals F d: the work in joules, the force in newtons, the distance in metres. No distance, no work: lean on a wall all afternoon and the wall owes you nothing.
The fine print is direction. Only the part of the push ALONG the motion counts — the full law is (W equals F d cosine theta, where — the Greek letter theta — is the angle between the push and the direction the thing actually moves), and in this lesson force and motion are aligned, so and the fine print sleeps. It wakes for the last question: a force at right angles to the motion has , so carrying a suitcase across a level floor does zero work on it. Carried is not worked.
And run the free check before any arithmetic: newtons times metres cancel to joules, so survives. Units guide the way — they don't confess.
- = Work (energy)
- = Force (force)
- = Displacement (length)
- = Angle between force and motion (angle)