Exam-hall rules, one loop, one call
This is the boss. No calculator. Tonight the first course is a 3-4-5 triangle in disguise: 500.00 m at azimuth 53.13°, where and exactly, so its components are 300.00 m north and 400.00 m east. The other two courses run due south and due west, which means each contributes to only one column. Everything is chosen to fit in your head.
One loop, and every answer feeds the next: components to column sums, the two sums to a closure error by the 3-4-5 you already know, closure and perimeter to a precision ratio, and the ratio to the call. Write each line down — a sign lost at the top rolls all the way to the verdict.
And note what the last line asks for. It does not want another number; it wants a decision: does this traverse meet 1:5,000, or does the crew go back out. The arithmetic exists only to earn the right to make that call. Watch for the trap the whole chapter has been laying — the misclosure will look small in metres, and metres are not what the specification is written in.
A bonus mark waits on the way out, on the curve of the access road. It needs no radius and no trigonometry: a deflection grows in step with the arc, and at the PT it must close on half of . Both surveys in this boss carry their own check, and both checks are arithmetic you can do standing up.
The chapter rides in this one loop. 5★ under par here is the chapter crown. Clock in.
- = Forward azimuth
- = Back azimuth
each variable a angle
- = Latitude (north-south component) (length)
- = Course length (length)
- = Azimuth from north (angle)
- = Departure (east-west component) (length)
- = Course length (length)
- = Azimuth from north (angle)
- = Linear closure error
- = Sum of the latitudes
- = Sum of the departures
each variable a length
- = Precision denominator (1 in N)
- = Total traverse perimeter (length)
- = Linear closure error (length)