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R-134a (saturated liquid)

R-134a saturated liquid from −40 to 60 °C — the single-component HFC whose saturation table underpins most automotive and medium-temperature commercial refrigeration.

PhaseLiquid — saturated state
Temperature range-40 to 60 °C
SourceNIST REFPROP / ASHRAE Handbook—Fundamentals, Ch. 30, saturated liquid line

R-134a (saturated liquid), property by property

Properties at temperature
°C
-40°60°

Validated from -40 to 60 °C along the saturation curve.

Density1,236.8 kg/m³
Dynamic viscosity0.228 mPa·s
Specific heat1.405 kJ/(kg·K)
Thermal conductivity0.0858 W/(m·K)
Vapour pressure572.1 kPa
Latent heat of vaporisation182.3 kJ/kg
Kinematic viscosity ν = µ/ρ0.18435 mm²/s
Prandtl number Pr = cpµ/k3.734

Click on a chart to print it with your selected value marked.

Density kg/m³
Density from -40 to 60 °C, in kg/m³. Marked at 20 °C: 1,237 kg/m³-40 °C — 1,415 kg/m³-30 °C — 1,388 kg/m³-20 °C — 1,360 kg/m³-10 °C — 1,331 kg/m³0 °C — 1,301 kg/m³10 °C — 1,270 kg/m³20 °C — 1,237 kg/m³30 °C — 1,202 kg/m³40 °C — 1,164 kg/m³50 °C — 1,122 kg/m³60 °C — 1,076 kg/m³1100120013001400-40-200204060
Dynamic viscosity mPa·s
Dynamic viscosity from -40 to 60 °C, in mPa·s. Marked at 20 °C: 0.228 mPa·s-40 °C — 0.468 mPa·s-30 °C — 0.405 mPa·s-20 °C — 0.355 mPa·s-10 °C — 0.314 mPa·s0 °C — 0.281 mPa·s10 °C — 0.253 mPa·s20 °C — 0.228 mPa·s30 °C — 0.206 mPa·s40 °C — 0.187 mPa·s50 °C — 0.169 mPa·s60 °C — 0.152 mPa·s0.20.30.4-40-200204060
Specific heat kJ/(kg·K)
Specific heat from -40 to 60 °C, in kJ/(kg·K). Marked at 20 °C: 1.405 kJ/(kg·K)-40 °C — 1.255 kJ/(kg·K)-30 °C — 1.271 kJ/(kg·K)-20 °C — 1.291 kJ/(kg·K)-10 °C — 1.316 kJ/(kg·K)0 °C — 1.341 kJ/(kg·K)10 °C — 1.37 kJ/(kg·K)20 °C — 1.405 kJ/(kg·K)30 °C — 1.446 kJ/(kg·K)40 °C — 1.498 kJ/(kg·K)50 °C — 1.566 kJ/(kg·K)60 °C — 1.66 kJ/(kg·K)1.31.41.51.6-40-200204060
Thermal conductivity W/(m·K)
Thermal conductivity from -40 to 60 °C, in W/(m·K). Marked at 20 °C: 0.0858 W/(m·K)-40 °C — 0.1043 W/(m·K)-30 °C — 0.1013 W/(m·K)-20 °C — 0.0982 W/(m·K)-10 °C — 0.0951 W/(m·K)0 °C — 0.092 W/(m·K)10 °C — 0.0889 W/(m·K)20 °C — 0.0858 W/(m·K)30 °C — 0.0827 W/(m·K)40 °C — 0.0796 W/(m·K)50 °C — 0.0765 W/(m·K)60 °C — 0.0734 W/(m·K)0.080.090.1-40-200204060
Vapour pressure kPa (log scale)
Vapour pressure from -40 to 60 °C, in kPa (log scale). Marked at 20 °C: 572.1 kPa-40 °C — 51.2 kPa-30 °C — 84.4 kPa-20 °C — 132.7 kPa-10 °C — 200.6 kPa0 °C — 292.8 kPa10 °C — 414.6 kPa20 °C — 572.1 kPa30 °C — 770.6 kPa40 °C — 1,017 kPa50 °C — 1,318 kPa60 °C — 1,682 kPa1001000-40-200204060
Latent heat of vaporisation kJ/kg
Latent heat of vaporisation from -40 to 60 °C, in kJ/kg. Marked at 20 °C: 182.3 kJ/kg-40 °C — 225.9 kJ/kg-30 °C — 219.5 kJ/kg-20 °C — 212.9 kJ/kg-10 °C — 206 kJ/kg0 °C — 198.6 kJ/kg10 °C — 190.7 kJ/kg20 °C — 182.3 kJ/kg30 °C — 173.1 kJ/kg40 °C — 163 kJ/kg50 °C — 151.8 kJ/kg60 °C — 139.1 kJ/kg140160180200220-40-200204060

Full pages: density · dynamic viscosity · specific heat · thermal conductivity · vapour pressure · latent heat of vaporisation

Saturated state only. On the saturation curve temperature and pressure are locked together, so one input fixes everything — but sub-cooled liquid and superheated vapour need two, and these values do not describe them.

Send R-134a at 20 °C into a solver

Every fluid property in these opens already filled, all from the same state — so a density and a viscosity in one calculation always describe the same fluid at the same temperature.

Reynolds Number

ρ = 1236.8μ = 0.228

Poiseuille's Law

μ = 0.228

Learning zone

R-134a is a pure substance, which makes it the easy refrigerant: it boils and condenses at one temperature for a given pressure, with no glide, so evaporator and condenser saturation temperatures read straight off a gauge. It replaced R-12 after the Montreal Protocol and dominated automotive air conditioning and medium-temperature commercial refrigeration for thirty years.

The saturation pressures are the numbers to carry. At 0 °C it is 293 kPa absolute, about 28 psig; at 40 °C, a realistic condensing temperature on a hot day, it is 1017 kPa or about 133 psig. Those two figures bracket most of the operating envelope of a comfort-cooling system and are why R-134a equipment is built to modest pressures compared with R-410A.

Latent heat falls steadily from 226 kJ/kg at −40 °C to 139 at 60 °C, so a system pushed to a high condensing temperature moves less heat per kilogram circulated AND has to work harder to circulate it — the two effects that make head pressure the single most reported symptom of a dirty condenser.

Its global warming potential of 1430 has ended it: automotive has moved to R-1234yf and stationary equipment is moving to R-513A, R-450A and CO₂ under the Kigali phase-down. The table stays because there is an enormous installed base still being serviced.