% v/v\text{\% v/v}

percent by volume

Concentrationexact by definition

Percent by volume is a volume fraction in hundredths, and it is how alcoholic strength, gas mixtures and many solvent blends are specified. Wine at 13% ABV is 13 mL of ethanol per 100 mL of wine.

Watch out: Volumes are not additive for miscible liquids. Mixing 50 mL of ethanol with 50 mL of water gives about 96 mL, not 100, because the molecules pack better together than apart. That is why alcohol strength is defined at 20 °C on the finished product rather than computed from the ingredients.

1 % v/v\text{\% v/v} 1 %\text{\%}

One percent by volume in every concentration unit

10,000,000,000part per trillion (ppt)
10,000,000,000nanogram per liter (ng/L)
10,000,000parts per billion (ppb)
10,000,000microgram per liter (μg/L)
10,000parts per million (ppm)
10,000part per million by volume (ppmv)
10,000milligram per kilogram (mg/kg)
10,000milligram per liter (mg/L)
584.18grain per US gallon (as CaCO₃) (gpg)
10part per thousand (ppth)
10gram per liter (g/L)
1percent (%)
1percent by weight (% w/w)
1percent by volume (% v/v)this unit
1percent weight per volume (% w/v)
0.01fraction (0–1) (fraction)