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Odds and Probability

O=P1−PO = \frac{P}{1 - P}
sig figs

Worked example: P = 0.75 → odds 3 to 1. Press Try an example to run it live, then adjust anything.

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Odds and Probability explained

PO

Probability measures successes against all trials; odds measure successes against failures. A probability of 0.75 is odds of 0.75/0.25 = 3, quoted as "3 to 1 on"; odds of 1:4 against, entered here as 0.25, correspond to P = 0.25/1.25 = 0.2. Enter probabilities as decimals from 0 to 1 (the % unit works too) and odds as the number of units in favour per one unit against.

Bookmakers quote the mirror image ("4/1" means four units against one in favour, so P = 1/5 = 0.2) and they deliberately publish odds implying probabilities that sum to more than 1 across a field, the overround that pays the shop. Odds also make Bayes' theorem elegant: posterior odds equal prior odds times the likelihood ratio, which is why epidemiologists and machine-learning models work in log-odds. The usual trap is reading "3 to 1" as a 1-in-3 chance; it is 1 in 4.

Odds and Probability formula

O=P1−PO = \frac{P}{1 - P}
Where
  • OO= Odds in favour (to 1)
  • PP= Probability
Revised 31 October 2026
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formula.expert. (2026, October 31). Odds and Probability Formula & Calculator. https://formula.expert/solvers/odds-from-probability

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