Nominal Solar Luminosity

L⊙N=3.828×1026 W\mathcal{L}^{\mathrm{N}}_\odot = 3.828 \times 10^{26}\ \text{W}
Value3.828e26 W
StatusExact by definition — no uncertainty
SourceIAU 2015 Resolution B3
CategoriesAstronomicalStars & Sun
Nominal Solar Luminosity in every power unit
nanowatt3.8280000e+35 nW
erg per second3.8280000e+33 erg/s
microwatt3.8280000e+32 μW
milliwatt3.8280000e+29 mW
foot pound-force per minute1.6940327e+28 ft·lbf/min
BTU per hour1.3061678e+27 BTU/h
watt3.8280000e+26 W
kilocalorie per hour3.2914875e+26 kcal/h
foot pound-force per second2.8233879e+26 ft·lbf/s
thousand BTU per hour1.3061678e+24 MBH
metric horsepower5.2046316e+23 PS
horsepower (mechanical)5.1334326e+23 hp
electrical horsepower5.1313673e+23 hp (elec)
kilowatt3.8280000e+23 kW
ton of refrigeration1.0884732e+23 ton
boiler horsepower3.9023396e+22 bhp
million BTU per hour1.3061678e+21 MMBTU/h
megawatt3.8280000e+20 MW
gigawatt3.8280000e+17 GW
terawatt382,800,000,000,000 TW
solar luminosity1 Lsun

Learning zone

The Sun's total radiant power follows from one measurement and one sphere: take the total solar irradiance at Earth's distance, about 1361 W/m², and multiply by the area of a sphere of radius one au. The nominal value fixed by the IAU in 2015 is exactly 3.828 × 10²⁶ W, deliberately rounded so that it does not change when irradiance monitoring improves, and so that "L = 10⁵ L⊙" means the same thing in every paper.

The real Sun varies by about 0.1 per cent over the 11-year sunspot cycle — enough to matter for climate reconstructions, nowhere near enough to matter for stellar classification. For scale, that output is roughly 10¹⁴ times humanity's entire primary energy consumption, and it comes from converting about 4.3 million tonnes of mass into energy every second in the core.