Young's Modulus of Type 304 Stainless Steel
| Value | 1.93e11 Pa |
| Status | Measured: ± 5,000,000,000 Pa (0.026 relative) |
| Source | ASM Handbook, Vol. 1: Properties and Selection — Irons and Steels |
| Categories | Material PropertiesEngineering & Trade |
| microbar | 1,930,000,000,000 μbar |
| barye | 1,930,000,000,000 Ba |
| millitorr | 1,447,619,000,000 mTorr |
| pascal | 193,000,000,000 Pa |
| millimeter of water column | 19,680,523,000 mmH₂O |
| pound per square foot | 4,030,888,800 lb/ft² |
| centimeter of water column | 1,968,052,300 cmH₂O |
| hectopascal | 1,930,000,000 hPa |
| millibar | 1,930,000,000 mbar |
| torr | 1,447,619,000 Torr |
| millimeter of mercury | 1,447,618,800 mmHg |
| inch of water column | 774,823,740 in w.g. |
| kilopascal | 193,000,000 kPa |
| foot of water column | 64,568,645 ft H₂O |
| inch of mercury | 56,992,868 inHg |
| pound per square inch | 27,992,283 psi |
| meter of water column | 19,680,523 m H₂O |
| decibar | 19,300,000 dbar |
| kilogram-force per square centimeter | 1,968,052.3 kgf/cm² |
| bar | 1,930,000 bar |
| atmosphere | 1,904,761.9 atm |
| megapascal | 193,000 MPa |
| kip per square inch | 27,992.283 ksi |
| gigapascal | 193 GPa |
| million pounds per square inch | 27.992283 Mpsi |
Learning zone
Austenitic stainless steels are face-centred cubic rather than body-centred cubic, and the change of crystal structure costs a few percent of stiffness: 193 GPa for 304 and 316 against 200 GPa for carbon steel. For most work that difference is noise, and designers reach for the same 29 000 ksi. Where it shows up is in precision positioning, spring rates and long, slender stainless members, where 3 % of extra deflection is 3 % you did not budget.
The bigger differences between stainless and carbon steel are elsewhere. Stainless expands about 50 % more per degree (17.3 vs 11.7 µm/m·K), conducts heat about a third as well (16 vs 50 W/m·K), and work-hardens aggressively, so cold-formed and cold-drawn stainless has a yield strength far above the annealed 205 MPa in the datasheet. Take 193 GPa as annealed-condition sheet and bar at room temperature; duplex and precipitation-hardening grades run 195–200 GPa, and all of them soften with temperature.