Luminosity of Vega

LVega=1.536×1028 WL_{\mathrm{Vega}} = 1.536 \times 10^{28}\ \text{W}
Value1.536e28 W
StatusMeasured: ± 2.00e+26 W (0.013 relative)
SourceYoon et al. (2010), 40.12 ± 0.45 L⊙ apparent; true angle-averaged output ≈47 L⊙
CategoriesAstronomicalstellar
Luminosity of Vega in every power unit
nanowatt1.5360000e+37 nW
erg per second1.5360000e+35 erg/s
microwatt1.5360000e+34 μW
milliwatt1.5360000e+31 mW
foot pound-force per minute6.7973728e+29 ft·lbf/min
BTU per hour5.2410495e+28 BTU/h
watt1.5360000e+28 W
kilocalorie per hour1.3207223e+28 kcal/h
foot pound-force per second1.1328955e+28 ft·lbf/s
thousand BTU per hour5.2410495e+25 MBH
metric horsepower2.0883788e+25 PS
horsepower (mechanical)2.0598099e+25 hp
electrical horsepower2.0589812e+25 hp (elec)
kilowatt1.5360000e+25 kW
ton of refrigeration4.3675413e+24 ton
boiler horsepower1.5658290e+24 bhp
million BTU per hour5.2410495e+22 MMBTU/h
megawatt1.5360000e+22 MW
gigawatt1.5360000e+19 GW
terawatt1.5360000e+16 TW
solar luminosity40.125392 Lsun

Learning zone

Vega spent a century as astronomy's standard candle in the literal sense: the magnitude system was calibrated so that Vega defines magnitude zero at every wavelength, and "Vega magnitudes" remain a standard unit today. It was also the first star ever photographed (1850, at Harvard) and among the first with a measured parallax. So it stung when the standard star turned out to be lying. Interferometry confirmed in the 2000s that Vega spins at over 90 per cent of breakup, flattened and pole-brightened — and because we happen to view it nearly pole-on, we see its hottest face. The 40.12 L⊙ adopted here is the apparent luminosity inferred assuming isotropy; the true total output, averaged over viewing angles, is closer to 47 L⊙, and the difference is a standing lesson in how geometry contaminates even the most basic stellar quantities.

Vega's other bequest came from its infrared excess, discovered by IRAS in 1983: warm dust — a debris disk of colliding planetesimals, the first evidence of planet-forming material around another main-sequence star, now called the Vega phenomenon.