Mass of Mercury

MMercury=3.3011×1023 kgM_{\mathrm{Mercury}} = 3.3011 \times 10^{23}\ \text{kg}
Value3.3011e23 kg
StatusMeasured: ± 7.30e+18 kg (0.000022 relative)
SourceNASA planetary fact sheet; GM from MESSENGER tracking divided by CODATA 2022 G
CategoriesAstronomicalPlanets
Mass of Mercury in every mass unit
unified atomic mass unit (dalton)1.9879689e+50 u
picogram3.3011000e+38 pg
nanogram3.3011000e+35 ng
microgram3.3011000e+32 μg
milligram3.3011000e+29 mg
centigram3.3011000e+28 cg
grain5.0943758e+27 gr
metric carat1.6505500e+27 ct
gram3.3011000e+26 g
pennyweight2.1226566e+26 dwt
dram1.8630860e+26 dr
ounce1.1644288e+25 oz
troy ounce1.0613283e+25 oz t
troy pound8.8444025e+23 lb t
pound7.2776797e+23 lb
kilogram3.3011000e+23 kg
stone5.1983427e+22 st
slug2.2619720e+22 slug
US hundredweight7.2776797e+21 cwt
UK long hundredweight6.4979283e+21 cwt (UK)
quintal3.3011000e+21 q
US short ton3.6388399e+20 ton
metric tonne3.3011000e+20 t
UK long ton3.2489642e+20 long ton
kilotonne3.3011000e+17 kt
megatonne330,110,000,000,000 Mt
gigatonne330,110,000,000 Gt
Earth mass0.055274438 Mearth
solar mass1.6601707e-07 Msun

Learning zone

Mercury is barely a third of Earth's radius but its uncompressed density is the highest in the solar system: an iron core makes up roughly 85 per cent of the radius, leaving a rocky shell a few hundred kilometres thick. Something stripped away most of the original mantle — a giant impact and vaporisation by the young Sun are the leading candidates — and MESSENGER's measurement of surprisingly volatile-rich surface chemistry complicated both stories.

The planet's orbit made history twice. Its perihelion advances 43 arcseconds per century faster than Newtonian gravity allows, an anomaly that led Le Verrier to postulate a planet Vulcan in 1859 and that Einstein explained exactly with general relativity in 1915 — the theory's first empirical triumph.