Escape Velocity of Jupiter

vesc,J=59,500 m/sv_{\mathrm{esc},\mathrm{J}} = 59,500\ \text{m/s}
Value59,500 m/s
StatusConventional / typical value
SourceNASA NSSDC Planetary Fact Sheet, Jupiter (escape velocity)
CategoriesAstronomicalsolar-systemplanets
Escape Velocity of Jupiter in every speed unit
millimeter per year1.8776772e+15 mm/yr
millimeter per hour214,200,000,000 mm/h
foot per day16,866,142,000 ft/d
inch per hour8,433,070,900 in/h
meter per day5,140,800,000 m/d
millimeter per minute3,570,000,000 mm/min
meter per hour214,200,000 m/h
inch per minute140,551,180 in/min
millimeter per second59,500,000 mm/s
foot per minute11,712,598 ft/min
centimeter per second5,950,000 cm/s
meter per minute3,570,000 m/min
inch per second2,342,519.7 in/s
kilometer per hour214,200 km/h
foot per second195,209.97 ft/s
mile per hour133,097.71 mph
knot115,658.75 kn
meter per second59,500 m/s
mach (sea level)174.84881 Ma
kilometer per second59.5 km/s
speed of light0.00019847064 c

Learning zone

At 59.5 km/s, Jupiter's escape velocity outruns the thermal speed of any gas at any temperature the planet has ever had — which is why its composition, roughly 90 per cent hydrogen and 10 per cent helium by count, is essentially the recipe of the primordial solar nebula, preserved for 4.6 billion years. The rocky planets lost their hydrogen envelopes; Jupiter is a sample of what everything started from, which is exactly why the Galileo probe was sent to taste it.

The same deep well makes Jupiter the solar system's gatekeeper. Comets and asteroids that stray close are flung onto new trajectories or swallowed outright — Shoemaker–Levy 9 struck at over 60 km/s in 1994, its fragments releasing the energy of millions of megatons. And spacecraft borrow from the well constantly: gravity assists off Jupiter accelerated Voyager, Ulysses, Cassini and New Horizons to destinations no rocket of the day could have reached directly.