Escape Velocity of Neptune

vesc,Neptune=23,500 m/sv_{\mathrm{esc},\mathrm{Neptune}} = 23,500\ \text{m/s}
Value23,500 m/s
StatusConventional / typical value
SourceNASA NSSDC Planetary Fact Sheet, Neptune (escape velocity)
CategoriesAstronomicalsolar-systemplanets
Escape Velocity of Neptune in every speed unit
millimeter per year741,603,600,000,000 mm/yr
millimeter per hour84,600,000,000 mm/h
foot per day6,661,417,300 ft/d
inch per hour3,330,708,700 in/h
meter per day2,030,400,000 m/d
millimeter per minute1,410,000,000 mm/min
meter per hour84,600,000 m/h
inch per minute55,511,811 in/min
millimeter per second23,500,000 mm/s
foot per minute4,625,984.3 ft/min
centimeter per second2,350,000 cm/s
meter per minute1,410,000 m/min
inch per second925,196.85 in/s
kilometer per hour84,600 km/h
foot per second77,099.738 ft/s
mile per hour52,568.003 mph
knot45,680.346 kn
meter per second23,500 m/s
mach (sea level)69.057932 Ma
kilometer per second23.5 km/s
speed of light0.000078387562 c

Learning zone

Neptune's 23.5 km/s escape speed keeps every gas it ever collected, hydrogen included, at cloud-top temperatures of 72 K. But the more consequential escapes are the ones Neptune forbids other bodies: as the outermost giant it rules the Kuiper belt, ejecting or capturing whatever crosses it. Triton — the only large moon orbiting backwards — is almost certainly a captured Kuiper belt dwarf, a sibling of Pluto that came too close and lost; its retrograde orbit is slowly decaying, and in a few billion years Neptune's tides will tear it into a ring.

For spacecraft the number has been paid once. Voyager 2, closing its Grand Tour in 1989, skimmed 4950 km over Neptune's north pole — the closest any Voyager came to any planet — and used the encounter to bend down toward Triton, trading escape-speed margin for the last new world of the twentieth century.