Escape Velocity of the Moon

vesc,Moon=2380 m/sv_{\mathrm{esc},\mathrm{Moon}} = 2380\ \text{m/s}
Value2380 m/s
StatusConventional / typical value
SourceDerived from the GRAIL lunar GM and the mean radius
CategoriesAstronomicalsolar-systemmoon
v_esc_moon in every speed unit
meter per second2,380 m/s
kilometer per hour8,568 km/h
foot per second7,808.399 ft/s
mile per hour5,323.9084 mph
knot4,626.3499 kn
foot per minute468,503.94 ft/min
centimeter per second238,000 cm/s
meter per hour8,568,000 m/h
meter per day205,632,000 m/d
foot per day674,645,670 ft/d

Learning zone

At 2.38 km/s the Moon cannot hold an atmosphere. Gas molecules at lunar daytime temperatures reach a substantial fraction of that speed, so anything released — from outgassing, from comet impacts, from the Apollo landers themselves — escapes within weeks. What remains is an exosphere so thin, around 10⁵ particles per cubic centimetre, that atoms essentially never collide with one another.

The low escape speed is also what made Apollo feasible. The ascent stage carried a single small engine and no heat shield, since there was no atmosphere to slow it and none to fly through; and it is why lunar resources are so often discussed for propellant depots, where launching water or oxygen out of the Moon's shallow gravity well costs a small fraction of lifting it from Earth.